Rezeptionsprobleme der Max Weber’schen Charismathese in der amerikanischen Political-Leadership-Forschung – eine programmierte Verwirrung?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15203/ozp.594.vol39iss3Schlagwörter:
Wissenschaftstheorie, Herrschaft, Charisma, Political Leadership, Polis und Psyche, Max Weber und PositivismusAbstract
Max Webers Charismathese stellt innerhalb der vielfältigen Ansätze, die den Anspruch stellen, Political-Leadership-Forschung zu betreiben, einen wichtigen Referenzpunkt dar. Doch der Export des Konzeptes in die USA führte zur Inkorporierung in behavioristische und andere positivistische Theoriebezüge um den Preis seiner völligen Entstellung oder zur Weiterentwicklung jener sozialpsychologischen Anteile der charismatischen Bindung, die Weber gerade nicht aufgegriffen hatte.
Dieser Artikel versucht der Frage nachzugehen, ob dies nur dem Unverständnis positivistischer Verfahren gegenüber der verstehenden Soziologie anzulasten ist oder ob nicht bereits der originären Charismathese grundsätzliche Dilemma der Sozialwissenschaft im Umgang mit der systematischen Integration psychologischer Faktoren in politische und soziologische Analysen anhaften, die Max Weber selbst nicht mehr lösen konnte und die sich im Mangel einer tragfähigen Subjekttheorie auch in der Leadership-Forschung fortsetzen.
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